Electrolyte and acid-base disorders occur when the body’s balance of minerals and pH is disrupted, often due to kidney dysfunction, dehydration, or other medical conditions. These imbalances can affect the heart, muscles, and nervous system, causing symptoms like weakness, irregular heartbeat, or confusion. Early detection and treatment are essential to restore balance, prevent complications, and maintain overall health. Management may include medications, dietary adjustments, intravenous fluids, or dialysis in severe cases.